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Operation Tigerfish was the military code name in World War II for the air raid on Freiburg in the evening of 27 November 1944 by the Royal Air Force with about 2,800 dead. The name ''Tigerfish'' goes back to Air Vice-Marshall Robert Saundby, an avid fisherman who codenamed all German cities "fitted" for carpet bombing with a ''Fish code''.〔''(Data sheet Fishcodes )''.〕 Saundby was the deputy of Air Chief Marshal Arthur Harris, Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief of RAF Bomber Command. ==Background== After Freiburg was mistakenly bombed by the German Luftwaffe on 10 May 1940 when 57 people were killed, the city remained spared from attacks until October 1943. For a long time people in Freiburg had lived in the hope that they would not have to suffer a major attack. The city was classified only as air protection location category 2 in 1935.〔Heiko Haumann,Hans Schadek (Hrsg.): ''Geschichte der Stadt Freiburg''. Band 3: ''Von der badischen Herrschaft bis zur Gegenwart''. Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1635-5. S. 359.〕 As a consequence Freiburg had to make arrangements for adequate protection of the population by the construction of shelters and bunkers without getting any financial resources from the state. The hope of being spared from bombing still existed, when air raids were made on nearby cities, because Freiburg was not included in the target list of the Allies at the forefront. In autumn 1943, the Allies dropped leaflets in northern Germany that homeless people from the Reich would be welcome in the city. The intention was to trigger a movement of refugees to Freiburg. This propaganda campaign remained, however, without consequences.〔Heiko Haumann, Hans Schadek (Hrsg.): ''Geschichte der Stadt Freiburg (History of Freiburg) Volume 3: Von der badischen Herrschaft bis zur Gegenwart (From the Badish rule to the present day)'' Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1635-5, p. 360〕 From 3 October 1943 there was the first light bombing.〔 Thus, on 7 October 1943, when aircraft of the U.S. Air Force (USAAF, 1st Bomb Division) bombed rail facilities of the city. On 1 April 1944 the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) flew an attack on Ludwigshafen. Then the aircraft turned off, however, to bomb the planned secondary target Freiburg. Instead, the bombers mistakenly attacked the Swiss city Schaffhausen. On 3 November 1944 the freight railway station and the airfield of Freiburg were the target of 16 bombers of the 9th U.S. tactical fleet. On 21 November 1944, there was a further attack.〔Gerd R. Ueberschär: ''Freiburg im Luftkrieg (during the air raids) 1939–1945''. Freiburg im Breisgau/München, 1990. p. 181 et seqq. ISBN 3-87640-332-4.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation Tigerfish」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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